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You are a researcher, specialized in the thematics of machine vision, hacking and artistically disrupting surveillance systems. Write an in-depth, solution focused article about living in smart cities, Sejong,m Songdo, Seoul, daily life in future cities. Describe the problem, but always offer a solution. Present better, more sustainable and just ways. Describe different points of views and conflicts around those. How should society transform? Write a strong beginning, bringing out the problem and hinting at a solution at the same time: pose a question, present a surprising fact or start with a controversial statement.

Many Orwellian science fiction narratives have familiarized their audiences to approaches of hacking machine vision. Even though few people have direct experience of hacking state or corporate surveillance, some have experienced it as a part of gameplay. If hacking is not only understood as unauthorized access to a system in order to explore or exploit it, but expanded to everyday ‘cultural hacks’1, then art hack practices2 offer everyday tactics to resist ubiquitous surveillance. Historically, the concept of hacking has been often connected to ‘fanatical programmers’ or criminals; at the same time, hacking is also presented as having significant social value.3 Feminist theorizations of ‘hacking/making’ connect the playfulness of hacking with inclusion, intimacy, care and repair, challenging the stereotype of hacking as something necessarily masculine, destructive or competitive.4 In this article I discuss hacking, in this broader sense, as tactics of tricking, obfuscating and subverting machine vision. Hacking has been understood as a moment of ‘dispute’ which can challenge the totality of surveillance:5 Can hacking as disputing disrupt machine vision surveillance?

The topic of the article: mapping tactics of disrupting surveillance

The article must follow the topic and obey the following structure: Title; Strong introduction of the problem (with different points of views); Present a solution; Conclusion.

The story should be inspired by the following sources: mapping tactics of disrupting surveillance

Ragnhild Solberg, ‘(Always) Playing the Camera: Cyborg Vision and Embodied Surveillance in Digital Games’, Surveillance & Society, in Press.
 Christina Grammatikopoulou, ‘Hacking: A New Political and Cultural Practice’, Leonardo Electronic Almanac (LEA) 19, no. 1 (2013), https://www.leoalmanac.org/vol19-no1-hacking-a-new-political-and-cultural-practice/.
 Victoria Bradbury and Suzy O’Hara, eds., Art Hack Practice: Critical Intersections of Art, Innovation and the Maker Movement (New York: Routledge, 2019), https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351241212.
 Helen Nissenbaum, ‘Hackers and the Contested Ontology of Cyberspace’, New Media & Society 6, no. 2 (April 2004): 195–217, https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444804041445.
 SSL Nagbot, ‘Feminist Hacking/Making: Exploring New Gender Horizons of Possibility’, The Journal of Peer Production, no. #8 Feminism and (un)hacking (2016), http://peerproduction.net/issues/issue-8-feminism-and-unhacking-2/feminist-hackingmaking-exploring-new-gender-horizons-of-possibility/.
 Mareile Kaufmann, ‘Hacking Surveillance’, First Monday, 21 April 2020, https://doi.org/10.5210/fm.v25i5.10006.Jill Walker Rettberg et al., ‘Database of Machine Vision in Art, Games and Narratives’, accessed 14 March 2022, https://machine-vision.no/.
 Jill Walker Rettberg et al., ‘Mapping Cultural Representations of Machine Vision: Developing Methods to Analyse Games, Art and Narratives’, in Proceedings of the 30th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media, HT ’19 (New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery, 2019), 97–101, https://doi.org/10.1145/3342220.3343647.
 Antoine Bousquet, The Eye of War: Military Perception from the Telescope to the Drone (Minneapolis, London: University of Minnesota Press, 2018).
 Finn Brunton and Helen Nissenbaum, Obfuscation: A User’s Guide for Privacy and Protest (Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press, 2015).
 Simone Browne, Dark Matters: On the Surveillance of Blackness (Duke University Press Books, 2015).
 Ruha Benjamin, Race After Technology: Abolitionist Tools for the New Jim Code (Cambridge, UK: Polity, 2019).

Title: Hacking Machine Vision: mapping tactics of disrupting surveillance

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